UI - 95094360

AU - Fisher JA ; Bromberg IL ; Eisen LB

TI - On the design of anaesthesia record forms.

AB - The purpose of this report is to develop a rational approach to the

design of anaesthesia record forms. The history of anaesthesia record

forms was reviewed. A logical approach to the design of an anaesthesia

record was developed. The theoretical ideal anaesthetic record was

contemplated and criteria were developed for the selection of items to be

included in or excluded from the record. Principles were outlined which

lead to logical organization of information on the form, improved

ergonomics of data entry, and ready access to entered information. A

desktop publishing system was used to execute quickly numerous form

artwork revision cycles and iteratively converge on a complete design.

This approach has resulted in the development and production of a new

anaesthesia record for our institution. The record was well accepted by

our colleagues. The rationale that has been developed is presented in the

hope that it will be useful to others in the process of designing

anaesthesia records for their institutions.

SO - Can J Anaesth 1994 Oct;41(10):973-83

UI - 95016956

AU - Lytle JJ

TI - Dental outpatient general anesthesia.

AB - Oral and maxillofacial surgeons have established and maintained a record

of safety in using general anesthesia for outpatient dental care. The

history of anesthesia use in dentistry is reviewed, as well as numerous

changes over the last 20 years.

SO - J Calif Dent Assoc 1994 Jun;22(6):32, 34, 36-8

UI - 95243014

AU - Lorenz W

TI - Histamine release in man. 1975 [classical article]

SO - Agents Actions 1994 Dec;43(3-4):117-31

UI - 95200087

AU - Westhorpe R

TI - White's Ethyl Chloride Inhaler.

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1994 Dec;22(6):639

UI - 95151676

AU - Marx GF

TI - The first spinal anesthesia. Who deserves the laurels?

AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. One year after the discovery of the anesthetic

properties of cocaine, the American neurologist Corning injected the drug

between the spinous processes of the lower dorsal vertebrae, first in a

young dog and then in a generally healthy man. He published the results

in a paper entitled "Spinal Anaesthesia and Local Medication of the

Cord." For many years, there has been controversy as to whether Corning's

injection was a spinal or an extradural block. METHODS. To settle this

controversy, a detailed review was undertaken, in the original language,

of Corning's publication, as well as of two major initial articles

describing authentic spinal anesthesia, namely that by the surgeon Bier

of Germany and Tuffier of France. Mention of cerebrospinal fluid, dose of

injected cocaine, onset of action, and height of sensory analgesia were

compared. RESULTS. Corning's dose of local anesthetic was eight times

higher than the doses of the same drug used by Bier and Tuffier; yet, the

onset of analgesia in his patient was slower and the ultimate sensory

level lower. Cerebrospinal fluid was not described in contrast to the

other two publications. In addition, Corning proposed the action of

cocaine to result from absorption into the venous circulation and

subsequent transport to the cord. CONCLUSIONS. Corning's injection was

extradural, and Bier deserves the laurels for introducing spinal

anesthesia.

SO - Reg Anesth 1994 Nov-Dec;19(6):429-30

UI - 95117818

AU - Westhorpe R

TI - The De Ford Somnoform inhaler.

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1994 Oct;22(5):513

UI - 95096355

AU - Jacobsohn PH

TI - What others said about Wells. Memorials, tributes, affirmations.

SO - J Am Dent Assoc 1994 Dec;125(12):1583-4

UI - 95096354

AU - Jacobsohn PH

TI - Remembering Dr. Menczer. Champion of Horace Wells.

SO - J Am Dent Assoc 1994 Dec;125(12):1582

UI - 95096353

AU - Jacobsohn PH

TI - Dentistry's answer to 'the humiliating spectacle'. Dr. Wells and his

discovery.

SO - J Am Dent Assoc 1994 Dec;125(12):1576-81

UI - 95078525

AU - Kowitz AA ; Loevy HT

TI - Dentistry on stamps. The stamp that did not make it. Horace Wells.

SO - Bull Hist Dent 1994 Jul;42(2):66

UI - 95072176

AU - Goerig M ; Bohrer H

TI - [Failed ideas in anesthesia: Klapp anesthesia with artificially reduced

circulation]

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1994 Jun;29(4):246-7

UI - 95068846

AU - Westhorpe R

TI - The Renton circle.

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1994 Aug;22(4):333

UI - 95032607

AU - Howie CC

TI - Partners in care: the A.B. Wallace Memorial Lecture 1993.

SO - Burns 1994 Aug;20(4):307-10

UI - 94377176

AU - Wielgosz R ; Mroczkowski E

TI - [Endonasal microsurgery by Heermann++. Part II]

AB - Endonasal sinus surgery in the case of inflammatory disease is of

increasing importance. The maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid and frontal sinus

operations as well as the septumplasty are performed microsurgically.

There are only few indications, when the intranasal procedure cannot be

applied. We prefer all intranasal operations with the patient placed in

semi-Fowler's position with hypotensive anaesthesia. Out of a total of

310 cases in which endonasal microsurgery was performed, 251 were

submitted to a retrospective study 12-36 months after the operation. In

our study there was an operative success rate of 92.8%. No complications

such as: CSF leakage, persisting postoperative visual or ocular

disturbance or vascular complications were observed. Compared with

transfacial or external sinus surgery, the advantage of the transantral

microsurgical technique are better functional results, fewer

complications an a reduced duration of hospitalization.

SO - Otolaryngol Pol 1994;48(3):227-38

UI - 94367879

AU - Westhorpe R

TI - Parrett's Somnoform inhaler.

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1994 Jun;22(3):249

UI - 94338713

AU - Gordh T

TI - Ralph M. Waters and Swedish anesthesiology.

AB - Swedish anesthesiology is greatly indebted to the preeminent American

anesthesiologist, and first professor of anesthesiology in the world,

Ralph M. Waters. It was in part because of the influence and teaching of

this great pioneer that modern anesthesiology became firmly established

in Sweden. Approximately 60 residents were trained by Dr. Waters. They

later became chairmen of their own university departments of anesthesia

and preached and practiced the Waters gospel of professionalism in

academic anesthesiology. Among these were four Swedes: Olle Friberg, Eric

Nilsson, Karl-Gustav Dhuner, and the author. Through these Swedish

pioneers and their numerous disciples, Waters had a profound influence on

the development of Swedish anesthesia. The author reports his personal

memories from his contact with Ralph Waters.

SO - J Clin Anesth 1994 May-Jun;6(3):221-6

UI - 94286917

AU - Hervas C

TI - [A Spanish modification of the caudal block: S. Gil Vernet's exradural

anesthesia (1917)]

AB - This paper describes a technique for caudal epidural anesthesia proposed

by S. Gil Vernet in order to achieve a high enough level of anesthesia

for use in prostate surgery. The method, proposed in 1917, modified

earlier work. The acceptance of the technique among other urological

surgeons in Barcelona at the time is also analyzed.

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1994 Jan-Feb;41(1):30-2

UI - 94270514

AU - de Lange JJ ; Cuesta MA ; Cuesta de Pedro A

TI - Fidel Pages Mirave (1886-1923). The pioneer of lumbar epidural

anaesthesia.

SO - Anaesthesia 1994 May;49(5):429-31

UI - 94263116

AU - Bergman NA

TI - William Wright, aurist: nineteenth century pneumatic practitioner and a

discoverer of anesthesia.

AB - William Wright (1773-1860) was Surgeon-Aurist in Ordinary to Her Majesty

Queen Charlotte of England. One interesting feature of his otologic

practice was his employment of gases and vapors in treating deafness and

other disorders of the ear. Among aeroform substances that he advocated

for such uses were nitrous oxide and ether--gases that were destined to

become anesthetic agents in another quarter of a century. Wright made the

observation that inhalation of ether vapor would suppress the cough

elicited by instrumentation of an inflamed and sensitive ear canal. He

used ether inhalation beginning about 1820 in his practice for this

purpose, and in so doing appears to have administered some of the

earliest anesthetics on record.

SO - Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1994 Jun;103(6):483-6

UI - 94201558

AU - Vandam LD

TI - Benjamin Perley Poore and his historical materials for a biography of

W.T.G. Morton, M.D.

SO - J Hist Med Allied Sci 1994 Jan;49(1):5-23

UI - 94189920

AU - Bergman NA

TI - James Moore (1762-1860). An 18th-century advocate of mitigation of pain

during surgery.

SO - Anesthesiology 1994 Mar;80(3):657-62

UI - 94136836

AU - Ehrlich TB ; O'Leary JP

TI - Crawford Williamson Long and the use of ether anesthesia.

SO - Am Surg 1994 Feb;60(2):155-6

UI - 95143361

AU - Bohrer H ; Goerig M

TI - [Criminal processes due to crime under anesthesia (see comments)]

CM - Comment in: Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1995

Nov;30(7):461

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1994 Dec;29(8):510-1

UI - 96331088

AU - Ring ME

TI - Surprise! The leaders of dentistry were not that pleased with Morton's

discovery.

SO - Bull Hist Dent 1994 Nov;42(3):127-8

UI - 95225602

AU - Sivagnanaratnam V

TI - Anaesthesia in institutional practice in Singapore.

AB - Documentation of the early development of anaesthesia in Singapore is

scanty. Before World War II the anaesthetic agents used were mainly

chloroform, ether and ethyl-chloride. They were usually administered by

the surgeons themselves or by apothecaries under the supervision of the

operating surgeon. After World War II, anaesthetists were sent from the

United Kingdom to be in charge of all anaesthetics administered in

Singapore. From 1956 to 1971, local doctors were sent to the United

Kingdom for training and to obtain the specialist degree FFARCS. From

1968 onwards, the Faculty of Anaesthetists of the Royal Australasian

College of Surgeons held examinations in Singapore for candidates

appearing for FFARACS. This continued until our M Med Anaesthesia

examinations, which began in 1974, were well established. The number of

specialists has increased over the years. With the decentralisation of

the anaesthetic departments in the various hospitals in 1975, and the

recent restructuring of Government hospitals, many changes have taken

place in the anaesthetic scene. The long-awaited University Department of

Anaesthesia was eventually established in 1985. Keeping pace with

progress made in the various surgical disciplines, and in other fields of

medicine, the duties of anaesthetists in institutional practice have

increased enormously. They have extended beyond the operating theatre.

SO - Ann Acad Med Singapore 1994 Nov;23(6 Suppl):157-64

UI - 95193452

AU - Petersen JK

TI - Nitrous oxide analgesia in dental practice.

SO - Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1994 Nov;38(8):773-4

UI - 95193444

AU - Sund Kristensen H ; Berthelsen PG

TI - Risus sardonicus and laughing gas--when nitrous oxide lost its innocence.

SO - Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1994 Nov;38(8):751-2

UI - 95151661

AU - Eldor J

TI - Inventors of the pencil-point spinal needle [letter]

SO - Reg Anesth 1994 Sep-Oct;19(5):363

UI - 95134139

AU - Grainger JK ; Johnson A ; Kingon A ; Klineberg I

TI - Development of the Diploma in Clinical Dentistry (Conscious Sedation and

Pain Control) Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney.

AB - The Diploma in Clinical Dentistry (Conscious Sedation and Pain Control)

of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, is the first dedicated

programme devoted to this field in Australia. Its development followed a

decision by the Dental Board of New South Wales to require a formal

qualification from the University of Sydney before dental practitioners

could offer sedation and pain management in practice. The programme is

conducted at Westmead Hospital in conjunction with the Department of

Anaesthetics, and satisfies the guidelines developed by the Royal

Australasian College of Dental Surgeons and the Royal Australasian

College of Surgeons. The course is conducted either over one or two

years, with block sessions requiring attendance at Westmead Hospital,

together with assignments which are completed outside the block sessions.

In this way, a dental practitioner enrolled in the programme is able to

continue practice. The block sessions need not be completed over one

year, but must be completed within two years.

SO - Aust Dent J 1994 Dec;39(6):382-8

UI - 95119285

AU - Bohrer H ; Goerig M

TI - [Abducens paresis after spinal anesthesia]

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1994 Nov;29(7):438-9

UI - 95119274

AU - Hempel V

TI - [60 years thiopental]

AB - In 1994, thiopentone has been in clinical use as an induction agent for

60 years. For this reason, a literature review is given dealing with its

chemical properties and pharmacokinetics with special regard to plasma

protein binding, recommended speed of injection, diaplacentar transfer to

the foetus in Caesarean section and the transfer to breast milk. The

pharmacodynamics of thiopentone are reviewed with emphasis on the effects

on the CNS, the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, renal

function, liver and the effect in porphyria. Its side effects such as

local reactions and release of histamine are also reviewed. The clinical

importance of thiopentone in anaesthesia induction and the present state

of cerebral protection are discussed, as well as the results of

controlled trials comparing thiopentone to other induction drugs.

Thiopentone has the main disadvantage of a slow elimination resulting in

minor CNS depression, which seems of very limited clinical importance. In

most respects thiopentone seems to be comparable to its younger

competitors.

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1994 Nov;29(7):400-7

UI - 95105987

AU - Infante PF ; Pesak J

TI - A historical perspective of some occupationally related diseases of

women.

AB - The study of occupational diseases among women has been minimal, and when

observations of adverse health effects have been made, they often have

been obscured, ignored, or mismanaged. Occupational exposures of women to

beryllium, benzene, and vinyl chloride serve as past examples of

indifference to the plight of women in the workplace. The lack of

regulation for waste anesthetic gases and antineoplastic drugs to protect

health care workers and veterinarians indicates that this indifference

continues today.

SO - J Occup Med 1994 Aug;36(8):826-31

UI - 95096356

AU - Chancellor JW

TI - Dr. Wells' impact on dentistry and medicine.

SO - J Am Dent Assoc 1994 Dec;125(12):1585-9

UI - 95096352

AU - Malamed SF

TI - Local anesthetics: dentistry's most important drugs.

AB - One hundred and fifty years ago, Horace Wells opened the door to local

anesthetics. Since then, many advances have been made in pain control.

The development of dentistry's most important drugs is highlighted here.

SO - J Am Dent Assoc 1994 Dec;125(12):1571-6

UI - 95069145

AU - Greene NM

TI - A new post: laureate of the history of anesthesia [letter]

SO - Anesth Analg 1994 Dec;79(6):1214

UI - 95068849

AU - Morris LE

TI - Closed carbon dioxide filtration revisited.

AB - There are compelling reasons why the closed carbon dioxide filtration

method for inhalation anaesthesia deserves serious reconsideration. Use

of the closed absorption system today can provide all the benefits

recognised by those who introduced it seventy to eighty years ago. A most

important benefit is the increased opportunity of learning afforded the

user, which leads either neophyte or senior clinician to improvement of

both concept and clinical skills. The current resurgence of interest is

fully appropriate for all physicians who aspire to be true specialists in

the care of patients during clinical anaesthesia.

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1994 Aug;22(4):345-58

UI - 95042956

AU - Greene NM

TI - A new post: laureate of the history anaesthesia [editorial]

SO - Can J Anaesth 1994 Sep;41(9):769-70

UI - 95035595

AU - Goerig M ; Bohrer H

TI - [Historical vignette. Narcylene anesthesia]

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1994 Aug;29(5):297-9

UI - 95033252

AU - Crul JF

TI - The role of anesthesiology in the health care system of The Netherlands.

AB - With the initiation of regular anesthesia services in the Netherlands in

1947, anesthesiology has grown to a large and influential profession,

including intensive care, resuscitation, pain therapy, and emergency

medical care. Pre- and postgraduate training programs are formalized and

compete with some of the best in the world. After a long struggle,

anesthesiology's social and legal status now compares with all other

medical sciences. Anesthesia is restricted to medical specialists, but

with the permanent support of fully trained and qualified nurses.

Anesthesia in the Netherlands is a "two person" job.

SO - J Clin Anesth 1994 Jul-Aug;6(4):342-8

UI - 95020975

AU - Wright AJ

TI - Self-experimentation in anesthesia. A preliminary inventory.

SO - Middle East J Anesthesiol 1994 Jun;12(5):431-42

UI - 94379472

AU - Zeitlin GL

TI - Burns from warming devices in anesthesia--1910 [letter; comment]

CM - Comment on: Anesthesiology 1994 Apr;80(4):806-10

SO - Anesthesiology 1994 Sep;81(3):788

UI - 94337008

AU - Franco A ; Alvarez J ; Cortes J ; Rabanal S ; Vidal MI

TI - [Anesthesia in the scientific meetings of various Spanish Medical

Academies (letter)]

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1994 May-Jun;41(3):193-4

UI - 94336998

AU - Llorente A ; Gimenez MC ; Figueira A ; Montero G

TI - [Obstetric and gynecologic anesthesia reported in the "Revista Espanola

de Obstetricia y Ginecologia" (1916-1936)]

AB - This study follows the evolution of anesthesia in gynecology and

obstetrics in Spain between 1916 and 1936. Research included revising all

articles and references concerning anesthesiology appearing in the

Revista Espanola de Obstetricia y Ginecologia over the 20 years during

which that journal was published. Eighty-three articles were found: 18

(21.6%) original research reports, 37 (44.6%) reviews of the Spanish

professional literature and 28 (33.7%) summaries and descriptions of

meetings of scientific organizations. Spanish references constituted

39.8% with the remaining 60.2% coming from European and Hispano-American

sources. Twenty-four (34.9%) were related to spinal anesthesia, 15 (18%)

covered various methods for analgesia during childbirth and 14 (16.8%)

were on barbiturates. The remaining articles referred to rectally

administered anesthesia, local anesthesia, inhalatory anesthesia and pain

in gynecology. In conclusion, our review reveals the strong international

contacts in Spanish gynecology during this period, as well as the

interest of gynecologists and obstetricians in various anesthetic

techniques and the rapid incorporation of new methods into their

therapeutic arsenal.

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1994 May-Jun;41(3):175-8

UI - 94318795

AU - Bohrer H ; Goerig M

TI - [Simple anesthesia procedures and aids]

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1994 May;29(3):178-9

UI - 94316901

AU - Franco A ; Alvarez J ; Cortes J ; Rabanal S ; Picatto P

TI - [The 1st debate about anesthesia in Spain (letter)]

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1994 Mar-Apr;41(2):122

UI - 94316895

AU - Franco A ; Alvarez J ; Cortes J ; Rabanal S ; Vidal MI ; Barreiro JL

TI - [Importance of the daily and political newspapers in Madrid on the

introduction, popularization and awareness of anesthesia]

AB - The introduction of surgical anesthesia in Spain and its spread

throughout the country between 1847 and 1848 was facilitated by several

medical journals and new daily and political newspapers in existence at

the time, particularly in Madrid. This study was undertaken to determine

the possible impact of articles reporting the discovery of anesthesia

that were published in the contemporary daily press. Research involved a

review of the daily press in Madrid, where most newspapers were

published. We found 141 references to events surrounding the introduction

of anesthesia in Spain in 24 Madrid newspapers. Analysis of the articles

revealed how the daily press contributed to the rapid dissemination of

information about the discovery. The press provided an important means of

spreading news about and popularizing anesthesia and was also an

instrument for exchanging scientific opinion for Spanish surgeons of the

day.

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1994 Mar-Apr;41(2):100-8

UI - 94296817

AU - MacDonald AG

TI - A short history of fires and explosions caused by anaesthetic agents [see

comments]

CM - Comment in: Br J Anaesth 1995 Jan;74(1):109-10

AB - The first recorded fire resulting from the use of an anaesthetic agent

occurred in 1850, when ether caught fire during a facial operation. Many

subsequent fires and explosions have been reported, caused by ether,

acetylene, ethylene and cyclopropane, and there has been one reported

explosion involving halothane. Although some of the earlier incidents

caused more consternation than injury, many of the later ones caused much

death and destruction, particularly after the practice of administering

oxygen, instead of air, became established. Many incidents have never

been reported and many of those which have reached publication do not

record essential details. The use of flammable agents has decreased

significantly in recent years and although fires and explosions from

nonanaesthetic causes, for example gastrointestinal gases, skin

sterilizing agents and laser surgery, may continue to occur, those from

gaseous and volatile anaesthetic agents may now be of historical interest

only. This article reviews some of the more relevant and enlightening

reports of the past 150 yr.

SO - Br J Anaesth 1994 Jun;72(6):710-22

UI - 94293847

AU - Wilson G ; Cooper MG

TI - The development of anaesthesia in Australia, 1914-1994.

SO - Med J Aust 1994 Jul 4;161(1):29, 32-4

UI - 94286925

AU - Franco A ; Cortes J ; Rabanal S ; Vidal MI ; Alvarez J

TI - [A new contribution to the history of anesthesia historiography.

Anesthesia in Spanish medical textbooks (1847-1950) (letter)]

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1994 Jan-Feb;41(1):43-4

UI - 94273899

AU - Huszar G

TI - [Tooth extraction under ether anesthesia in 1847]

AB - The newspaper "Ungar" edited in Pest, publishes a satirical drawing in

1847. This publication proves, that aether-narcosis--first employed in

North-America autumn 1846--was known in spring 1847 already in Hungary

too.

SO - Fogorv Sz 1994 Mar;87(3):91-2

UI - 94270541

AU - Westhorpe R

TI - Kelene (ethyl chloride) inhaler.

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1994 Apr;22(2):133

UI - 94257778

AU - Goerig M ; Bohrer H

TI - [A historical vignette. Ether versus chloroform]

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1994 Apr;29(2):125-6

UI - 94248841

AU - Chancellor JW

TI - Twentieth century history and contemporary issues facing dental

anesthesiology.

SO - Tex Dent J 1994 Jan;111(1):11-3

UI - 94191301

AU - Ballance J

TI - History of anaesthesia.

AB - 1846 was a good year for patients. While there is debate on exactly who

gave the first anaesthetic, there is no doubt that ether was the initial

agent used and that the era of painless surgery was born in 1846.

SO - Br J Theatre Nurs 1994 Feb;3(11):4-6

UI - 94189246

AU - Renck H

TI - Wound infiltration with local anaesthetics [editorial; comment]

RF - REVIEW ARTICLE: 15 REFS.

CM - Comment on: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1994 Jan;38(1):7-14

SO - Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1994 Jan;38(1):2-6

UI - 94126282

AU - Downes JJ

TI - Historic origins and role of pediatric anesthesiology in child health

care.

SO - Pediatr Clin North Am 1994 Feb;41(1):1-14

UI - 94085269

AU - Kyambi JM

TI - Surgery: a historical perspective.

SO - East Afr Med J 1993 Jun;70(6):348-56

UI - 94168288

AU - Mawter D

TI - Pre-emptive analgesia--an early description? [letter]

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1993 Dec;21(6):888

UI - 94168258

AU - Ball C

TI - Hewitt's nitrous oxide-oxygen inhaler.

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1993 Dec;21(6):733

UI - 94163356

AU - Hames CG

TI - Who was the first to use ether anesthesia for the relief of surgical

pain? [letter]

SO - Arch Fam Med 1993 Jun;2(6):591-2

UI - 94111550

AU - Beliaev AA

TI - [Role of S.S.Iudin in the development of anesthesia in surgery]

SO - Khirurgiia (Mosk) 1993 Sep;(9):83-5

UI - 94099450

AU - Westhorpe R

TI - The Weller-Ash nitrous oxide apparatus.

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1993 Oct;21(5):493

UI - 94092608

AU - Waldman SD

TI - Sphenopalatine ganglion block--80 years later.

SO - Reg Anesth 1993 Sep-Oct;18(5):274-6

UI - 94072702

AU - Goerig M ; Bohrer H

TI - [Arthur Guedel]

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1993 Oct;28(6):389

UI - 94069028

AU - Hervas C ; Cahisa M

TI - [E. Pi y Molist's and J.A. Reynes' memoirs on chloroform (1849): 2

forgotten classics of the Spanish bibliography on anesthesia]

AB - This paper reviews the circumstances surrounding the first prize given in

Barcelona in 1849 for a report on anesthesia. The two winning studies by

the Barcelona physicians Emilio Pi y Molist and Jose Antonio Reynes are

summarized, evaluated and compared with other similar contemporary works.

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1993 Sep-Oct;40(5):300-6

UI - 94047669

AU - Fujita Y

TI - [Max Kappis, an inventor of splanchnic nerve block]

SO - Masui 1993 Sep;42(9):1378-80

UI - 93386580

AU - Lassner J

TI - [Tracheal intubation]

SO - Cah Anesthesiol 1993;41(3):293-7

UI - 93357366

AU - Rose W ; Scharff W

TI - [Quality control 100 years ago. "Narcosis statistics" by Gurlt from 1893]

AB - Even 100 years ago the problem of quality assurance in anaesthesia was

investigated. In 1890 the German Society of Surgery decided to start

"Multicenter Statistics on Surgical Anaesthesia." The project was headed

by Ernst Gurlt, surgeon in Berlin. In 1893 he reported on the basis of 62

questionnaires on approximately 50,000 anaesthetic procedures, mostly

performed with chloroform. 9 fatal chloroform cases led to a mortality

rate of 1:4,275. On the other hand among 6,213 cases with ether

anaesthesia there was no death. Gurlt strictly recommended the

administration of ether, seconded by contemporaries such as Garre,

Trendelenburg, Roux and Juillard. Gurlt's report includes as appendix

detailed information on the administered anaesthetics, application

techniques, premedication, fatal and non-fatal complications extracted

from 18 of the analysed questionnaires. Gurlt's publication is an early

document of quality assurance in Germany.

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1993 Jun;28(4):254-7

UI - 93354765

AU - Katz J

TI - George Washington Crile, anoci-association, and pre-emptive analgesia

[editorial]

SO - Pain 1993 Jun;53(3):243-5

UI - 93343463

AU - Bacon DR ; Lema MJ ; Knight PR

TI - Henry Ruth and history: his rightful place? [letter; comment]

CM - Comment on: Anesthesiology 1993 Jan;78(1):178-83

SO - Anesthesiology 1993 Jul;79(1):194-5

UI - 93343462

AU - Frost EA

TI - Henry Ruth, T. Drysdale Buchanan, and history of anesthesia [letter;

comment] [published erratum appears in Anesthesiology 1994

Mar;80(3):709-10]

CM - Comment on: Anesthesiology 1993 Jan;78(1):178-83

SO - Anesthesiology 1993 Jul;79(1):193-4

UI - 93343388

AU - Ball C

TI - Clover's nitrous oxide/ether inhaler 1876.

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1993 Jun;21(3):273

UI - 93317304

AU - Travin MS

TI - Inhalation anesthesia. Discovery and development.

SO - N Y State Dent J 1993 Jun-Jul;59(6):41-5

UI - 93313022

AU - Goerig M ; Schulte am Esch J

TI - [Carl Ludwig Schleich--pioneer exclusively in infiltration anesthesia?]

AB - The development of local anaesthesia is connected with the name of Carl

Ludwig Schleich, a Berlin surgeon. His method, the so-called

"infiltration anaesthesia", did not receive due attention from his

surgeon colleagues right from the beginning. This, however, was partly a

fault of Schleich himself. The initial restraint, however, changed within

a few years and became soon known as the "first great medical feat in the

discipline of German surgery". At the same time, the fact that he had

been rejected in the beginning was criticised as a "disgrace for

surgery". Schleich experienced the same ignorance and refusal when he

demanded that only specially trained physicians should perform any kind

of anaesthesia. Moreover, these specialists should be responsible for the

training of younger colleagues, a revolutionary concept at that time in

Germany. Unfortunately, all these ideas and efforts of Schleich to

develop a new concept of anaesthesia techniques have fallen into

oblivion, a concept that started with his "infiltration anaesthesia" 100

years ago.

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1993 Apr;28(2):113-24

UI - 93312767

AU - Boulton TB

TI - Professor Sir Robert Macintosh, 1897-1989: personal reflections on a

remarkable man and his career.

SO - Reg Anesth 1993 May-Jun;18(3):145-54

UI - 93302593

AU - Renton-Power W

TI - The first anaesthetics in Australia [letter; comment]

CM - Comment on: Med J Aust 1992 Dec 7-21;157(11-12):781-4

SO - Med J Aust 1993 Jul 5;159(1):68

UI - 93236912

AU - Hammonds WD ; Steinhaus JE

TI - Crawford W. Long: pioneer physician in anesthesia.

AB - Crawford W. Long first used ether as an anesthetic on March 30, 1842.

This article examines factors in his education and practice that prompted

his discovery. Included in the discussion are some of the circumstances

that caused Long to delay publication of his experience with ether, as

well as the impact of the "ether controversy" on his life.

SO - J Clin Anesth 1993 Mar-Apr;5(2):163-7

UI - 93222420

AU - Goerig M ; Bohrer H

TI - [Historical vignette. Compression hyperemia of the head for the

prevention of the dreaded poisoning by local anesthetics]

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1993 Feb;28(1):56-7

UI - 93192182

AU - Bacon DR ; Lema MJ

TI - Gaston Labat and the American Board of Anesthesiology [letter; comment]

CM - Comment on: Reg Anesth 1992 Sep-Oct;17(5):249-62

SO - Reg Anesth 1993 Jan-Feb;18(1):64

UI - 93191369

AU - Westhorpe R

TI - Cattlin's bag and Clover's facepiece for nitrous oxide anaesthesia.

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1993 Feb;21(1):3

UI - 93168538

AU - Macdonald AG

TI - John Henry Hill Lewellin: the first etherist in Glasgow.

AB - John Henry Hill Lewellin, a surgeon-dentist, was the first to administer

ether in Glasgow, on January 4, 1847. He was born in Calcutta, trained at

St Bartholomew's Hospital, qualified M.R.C.S. in London in 1842, and

studied in Paris and Heidelberg, before moving to Glasgow in December

1845. He remained there for about 18 months, advertising his dental

practice in a high profile manner and, when the time came, he publicized

his experience with ether in the local press in an exemplary way. He

disappeared from Glasgow in June 1847, and reappeared in Australia 5

years later, practising as a dentist initially, and later as a general

medical practitioner in Melbourne until his retirement in 1883. He died

in 1886.

SO - Br J Anaesth 1993 Feb;70(2):228-34

UI - 96306191

AU - Philipp E

TI - Presidents who have caused a stir. First general meeting; Monday, 11th

October 1993.

SO - Trans Med Soc Lond 1993-94;110:1-13

UI - 93197615

AU - Franco A ; Cortes J ; Vidal MI ; Rabanal S

TI - [History of rachianesthesia with strychnine and stovaine in Spain

(letter; comment)]

CM - Comment on: Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop 1990 May-Jun;37(3):149-52

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1993 Mar-Apr;40(2):101-2

UI - 95030523

AU - Matsuura H

TI - Modern history of dental anesthesia in Japan.

SO - Anesth Prog 1993;40(4):109-13

UI - 95030522

AU - Sykes P

TI - The history and possible future of dental anaesthesia in the United

Kingdom.

SO - Anesth Prog 1993;40(4):102-8

UI - 93195595

AU - Dembo JB

TI - The use of intravenous anesthesia and sedation techniques in oral and

maxillofacial surgery.

AB - In 1943, Olson described a method for administration of thiopental for

anesthesia during oral surgical procedures (J Oral Surg 1:197, 1943).

Patients were instructed not to eat for 4 hours before the scheduled

surgery and to bring an escort. Premedication with atropine or morphine

was not routinely used. Following venipuncture, a 2- to 3-mL test dose of

thiopental (Pentothal, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL) was

injected. After a pause of 15 to 20 seconds, 6 mL was injected slowly

over 40 to 50 seconds. Additional medication was titrated slowly in

intermittent doses to maintain an adequate level of anesthesia. The mouth

was packed and kept meticulously dry to prevent coughing or laryngospasm.

The patient's color and respiration were continually observed and the

airway maintained. Initially, a 5% solution was used by Olson; later it

was changed to 2%. Use of this concentration made it easier to titrate to

"upper levels" of anesthesia because profound depth was not required.

Also, adverse effects (eg, coughing, laryngospasm) occurred less

frequently, and there was less venous irritation with the 2% solution.

Based on his experience of 8,203 cases, Olson claimed that most patients

tolerated the anesthetic well, but he recommended avoiding this technique

for children younger than 12 years of age.

SO - J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1993 Apr;51(4):346-51

UI - 94315015

AU - Melin BW

TI - The discovery of anesthesia.

SO - J Colo Dent Assoc 1993 Oct;72(2):16-8

UI - 94241428

AU - Peskin RM

TI - Dentists and anesthesia: historical and contemporary perspectives [see

comments]

CM - Comment in: Anesth Prog 1994;41(2):59-62

SO - Anesth Prog 1993;40(1):1-13

UI - 94163342

AU - Crenshaw JF ; Frost EA

TI - The discovery of ether anesthesia. Jumping on the 19th-century bandwagon.

SO - Arch Fam Med 1993 May;2(5):481-4

UI - 94162864

AU - Geshwind M

TI - The casket, the ribbon, and the stamp.

SO - Bull Hist Dent 1993 Jul;41(2):77-8

UI - 94153778

AU - Hurley RJ

TI - Continuous spinal anesthesia: a historical perspective.

SO - Reg Anesth 1993 Nov-Dec;18(6 Suppl):390-3

UI - 94122306

AU - Bohrer H ; Goerig M

TI - [Historical vignette--Ether explosions]

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1993 Dec;28(8):529-30

UI - 94106330

AU - Devinsky O

TI - Electrical and magnetic stimulation of the central nervous system.

Historical overview.

RF - REVIEW ARTICLE: 91 REFS.

SO - Adv Neurol 1993;63:1-16

UI - 94091611

AU - Defalque RJ ; Wright AJ

TI - The first anesthetic mixture: a correction [letter]

SO - Anesthesiology 1993 Dec;79(6):1446

UI - 94069037

AU - Hervas C

TI - [More on amylene (letter)]

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1993 Sep-Oct;40(5):320

UI - 94045546

AU - Cayia E

TI - Anesthesiology in the forgotten war.

SO - J Fla Med Assoc 1993 Sep;80(9):613-5

UI - 94022904

AU - Mandel ID

TI - Clinical research-the silent partner in dental practice.

AB - For 5,000 years innovative researchers, often anonymously, have been

providing dentists and their antecedents with a rich inheritance of

information, techniques, and materials. The giants of dental research of

the past can still serve as role models today. This paper presents a

history of clinical research and relates past work to current and future

trends. In the last few decades, both technical innovation and oral

biology and prevention have been progressing at an accelerated rate to

provide a steady influx of new answers to dental practitioners and to

elicit new questions from the next generation of dental investigators.

SO - Quintessence Int 1993 Jul;24(7):453-63

UI - 93363419

AU - Spence AA ; Young C

TI - Dentistry and anaesthesia [see comments]

CM - Comment in: Br Dent J 1993 Oct 23;175(8):280 ; Comment in: Br Dent J 1994

Jun 25;176(12):455

SO - Br Dent J 1993 Aug 21;175(4):135-8

UI - 93318357

AU - Juelsgaard P ; Felsby S

TI - [Combined spinal and epidural anesthesia. A review of the method]

RF - REVIEW ARTICLE: 40 REFS.

AB - Combined spinal epidural anaesthesia (CSE) offers the fast and profound

neural blockade of spinal anaesthesia, but provides the possibilities of

extension of the block and post-operative pain control. On the basis of a

historical review, the advantages and drawbacks of CSE are discussed, and

purpose-designed needles (Eldor 1 and 2, E-SP, T-A, Braun, Mediziv) are

described. The dosage problems inherent in the technique and a possible

solution to the "test dose" question are described. In conclusion: CSE is

a valuable alternative to established regional anaesthetic techniques.

The Mediziv needle offers several advantages, but a comparative study of

the different needle types is needed.

SO - Ugeskr Laeger 1993 Jul 12;155(28):2192-6

100

UI - 93305829

AU - Bohrer H ; Goerig M

TI - [Historic vignette. Special indications for the use of anesthetics and

adjuvants]

SO - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1993 May;28(3):185-6

101

UI - 93305341

AU - Bacon DR ; Lema MJ ; Yearley CK

TI - For all the world to see: anesthesia at the 1939 New York World's Fair.

AB - The 1939 New York World's Fair presented a unique opportunity for the

newly recognized specialty of anesthesiology to be presented to the

general public. With funding supplied by the Winthrop Chemical Company of

New York City and careful planning, a committee of physician-anesthetists

was able to design a display that illustrated all aspects of the

physician-anesthetist's role in health care: general "gas" anesthesia,

regional techniques, pain management, resuscitation, and oxygen therapy.

Further information was offered concerning training of physicians in the

specialty, and speculation involving the future mission of anesthesiology

was presented. Surprisingly, issues and discussions concerning the

fashion in which anesthesia was to be presented at this exhibit remain

germane to current presentations of the specialty to the general public.

Although no record remains of the public's response to the exhibit, the

World's Fair was an international showcase and an important opportunity

for public recognition of anesthesiology.

SO - J Clin Anesth 1993 May-Jun;5(3):252-8

102

UI - 93296513

AU - Franco A ; Cortes J ; Rabanal S ; Vidal MI

TI - [Inhalation anesthesia at the end of the 19th Century (letter)]

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1993 May-Jun;40(3):162-3

103

UI - 93288110

AU - Phillips B

TI - Pain management. Part One: An historical overview.

SO - Nurs RSA 1993 Mar;8(3):20, 41

104

UI - 93243430

AU - Reed B ; Pasero C

TI - Where credit is due [letter]

SO - Am J Nurs 1993 Apr;93(4):15

105

UI - 93219650

AU - Marquez C ; Gutierrez J ; Sebastianes C

TI - [The contribution of "La Espana Medica" (1856-1866) to the introduction

of anesthesiology in Spain]

AB - The aim of this study was to analyse the contribution of "La Espana

Medica " (1856-1866) to the introduction of anesthesiology in Spain.

Thirty-seven articles on anesthesiology were published, with 19 articles

(51.35%) being originals from spanish authors and 18 (48.64%) from

abroad. By means of this medical newspaper from Madrid, Spanish

physicians received information concerning the latest changes in

anesthesiology with special emphasis on the introduction of amylene.

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1993 Jan-Feb;40(1):21-5

106

UI - 93217224

TI - From the museum.

SO - Indiana Med 1993 Mar-Apr;86(2):186

107

UI - 93197627

AU - Franco A ; Cortes J ; Vidal MI ; Rabanal S

TI - [Another phase in the discovery and introduction of anesthesia in Spain.

Picturesque anecdotes (letter)]

SO - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 1993 Mar-Apr;40(2):99-100

108

UI - 93195594

AU - Laskin DM

TI - General anesthesia: dentistry's contribution to mankind [editorial]

SO - J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1993 Apr;51(4):345

109

UI - 93191339

AU - O'Brien HD

TI - Halothane: ave atque vale.

SO - Anaesth Intensive Care 1993 Feb;21(1):101-2

110

UI - 93160710

AU - Michenfelder JD

TI - The past, present, and future of research in neuroanesthesia.

SO - J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 1993 Jan;5(1):22-30

111

UI - 93136836

AU - Neumann V

TI - Electrotherapy [editorial]

SO - Br J Rheumatol 1993 Jan;32(1):1-2

SS 2 /C?

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